Nature Fiber - Hemp 大麻

Hemp fiber is obtained from the bast of the plant Cannabis sativa. It grows easily to a height of 4m, without agrochemicals and captures large quantities of carbon.

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However, production of hemp is restricted in some countries, where the plant is confused with marijuana

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Hemp has been used for centuries to make rope, canvas and paper. Long hemp fibers can be spun and woven to make crisp, linen-like fabric used in clothing, home furnishing textiles and floor coverings.

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In China, hemp is degummed for processing on flax or cotton machinery. Blending with cotton, linen, silk and wool gives hemp a softer feel, while adding resistance and durability to the product.

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In Europe, hemp fibers are used mainly in the paper industry. Due to lower lignin content, it can be pulped using fewer chemicals than wood.

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Hemp fibers are also used to reinforce moulded thermoplastic in the automobile industry. The short core fibers go into insulation products, fiberboard and erosion control mats, while the fibrous core can be blended with lime to make strong, lightweight concrete.

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The world’s leading producer of hemp is China, with smaller production in Europe, Chile and Democratic People’s Republic of Korea.

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http://www.naturalfibres2009.org

五谷

五谷原是中国古代所称的五种谷物，后泛指粮食类作物，有“五谷丰登”的说法。其内容主要有两种。除了五谷外，还有六谷、九谷的说法，五谷说之所以占上风，可能和五行思想的兴盛有关。

五谷的说法，最早见于《论语》，在此前的《诗经》、《尚书》之中，只有“百谷”，而无“五谷”的提法。但对五谷究竟指哪五种作物，则出现在汉朝时的著作。

对五谷的内容，有两种说法。一种说法是稻、黍、稷（粟）、麦、菽（大豆）。而根据《大戴礼记》的记载，五谷是麻（大麻）、黍、稷、麦、菽。两种说法的差别在于，一种有稻而无麻，另一种有麻而无稻。两种说法结合起来，就得出了稻、黍、稷、麦、菽、麻六种作物。战国时代的名著《吕氏春秋》（公元前三世纪作品）里有四篇专门谈论农业的文章，其中“审时”篇谈论栽种禾（稷）、黍、稻、麻、菽、麦这六种作物的情况；“十二纪”篇中说到的作物，也是这六种。


禾 (稻米 Rice ) Oryza sativa
黍（黄米 Common millet ）Panicum miliaceum
稷（小米 Foxtail millet） Setalia italica
麦（小麦 Wheat ） Triticum aestivum
麦（大麦 Barley ） Hordeum vulgare
菽（大豆 Soybean ） Glycine max
麻（大麻 Cannabis ） Cannabis sativa