Wednesday, 6 March 2019

Durian : The King of Fruits




“If I had to fix on two only, as representing the perfection of the two classes, I should certainly choose the durian and the orange as the king and queen of fruits.”




















Alfred Russel Wallace
THE MALAY ARCHIPELAGO, 1869

                                                                                                                                        


Thursday, 21 February 2019

Deconfusing Plumeria



Plumeria  is a genus of flowering plants in the dogbane family, Apocynaceae. Most species are deciduous shrubs or small trees.

The species variously are indigenous to South and Central America, but are grown as cosmopolitan ornamentals in warm regions.


Etymology

The genus is named in honor of the 17th century French botanist Charles Plumier, who traveled to the New World documenting many plant and animal species.

The common name "frangipani" comes from a 16th century marquis of the noble family in Italy who claimed to invent a plumeria-scented perfume, but in reality made a synthetic perfume that was said at the time to resemble the odor of the recently discovered flowers.


Botanical Description

branches widely spaced, thick succulent, brittle, thin grey bark, milky latex. 

Leaves are simple, whorl at tip of branches.

Flowers are fragrant, radial symmetry ( actinomorphic ), cymes, perfect, 5-lobed calyx. 5 petals.

Fruits are follicles, 2-horned, cylindrical, split when mature. 

Seeds winged, 20-60 within a fruit.






Wednesday, 20 February 2019

Plumeria rubra : Forms & Sizes



The estimated number of Plumeria species ranges from five (Wiersema, 2008) to 45 (Llamas, 2003).

In 1938, R.E. Woodson organized P. rubra into four forms delineated by the primary colors of the flowers: white, yellow, pink, and a tricolor.  Today, many hundreds of variations of these four forms exist.

Hortus Third (Bailey and Baley, 2000), recognized the four forms of P. rubra as described by Woodson.


Plumeria rubra f. acutifolia has white flowers with yellow centers.

Plumeria rubra f. lutea has yellow flowers fading to white at the edge as they mature.

Plumeria rubra f. rubra has pink flowers of varying intensity with a tangerine-yellow center.

Plumeria rubra f. tricolor has pale yellow-white flowers with tangerine-yellow centers and red or pink rim.




Source : Stephen H. Brown, Identification of the Four Forms of Plumeria rubra, Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 121:406–407. 2008.


Saturday, 2 February 2019

Momordica charantia : Forms and Sizes



Bitter gourd ( Momordica charantia ) comes in a variety of shapes and sizes, with colour ranging from green to white.



The cultivar common in China ( M. charantia forma charantia ) is 20–30 cm long, oblong with bluntly tapering ends and pale green in color, with a gently undulating, warty surface.   



The Indian variety ( M. charantia forma abbreviata ) has a narrower shape with pointed ends, and a surface covered with jagged, triangular "teeth" and ridges.

  

Between these two extremes are any number of intermediate forms.  Some bear miniature fruit of only 6–10 cm in length. 


Thursday, 8 November 2018

Endemic Plants of Klang Gates Quartz Ridge




The Klang Gates quartz ridge system just outside the north-eastern part of the city of Kuala Lumpur and within the state of Selangor in Malaya, is over 14 km long and reaches up to about 380 m high. The narrow wall-like formation of this quartz reef is due to crystallisation of the quartz solution that infilled a large fault in the Main Range granite, with the present feature revealed when the surrounding  weathered material eroded away. This ridge is the most prominent of a series of such ridges in this part of Malaya. 


Current collecting indicates that inventory of the plant life on this ridge remains incomplete since the earlier listings by Ridley (1922) (21 species) and Henderson (1928) (265 species), and a later enumeration by Kiew (1982) (175 species). Many records do not distinguish between an occurrence on the quartz ridge proper and one on the abutting (nonquartz) slopes. Five plant species are known only from the quartz ridge (Reid 1951, 1959; Kiew 1982): Aleisanthia rupestris (Ridl.) Ridl. (Rubiaceae) , Borreria pilulifera Ridl. (Rubiaceae), Eulalia milsumii Ridl. (Poaceae) , Henckelia primulina (Ridl.) A. Weber (Gesneriaceae), and Ilex praetermissa Kiew (Aquifoliaceae).










Ecological aspects of endemic plant populations on Klang Gates quartz ridge,  a habitat island in Peninsular Malaysia, 2008,  K. M. Wong · M. Sugumaran · D. K. P. Lee · M. S. Zahid.,  Biodivers Conserv DOI 10.1007/s10531-008-9522-1


Saturday, 22 September 2018

Jungle Produce @ Seremban


Kerdas atau genuak iaitu nama saintifiknya ialah Archidendron bubalinum merupakan sejenis buah dari pokok Kerdas yang sering dijadikan sebagai ulam serta dimakan bersama nasi. Ianya mengeluarkan bau yang agak kuat sama seperti ulam petai atau jering. Pokok Kerdas merupakan sejenis pokok berkayu, saka dan malar hijau.

Kulit kerdas agak keras dan liat serta mempunyai saiz memanjang dan isi di dalamnya berulas-ulas. Ulas isinya agak kecil di antara (10mm-15mm) dan ianya berkulit nipis sama seperti kulit isi jering. Warna isinya bergantung kepada ketuaan buah ini jika sudah tua atau disimpan lama warnanya akan menjadi kehitaman dan jika isinya masih muda atau baru dipetik ianya bewarna kuning pucat (keputih-putihan). Daun pokok kerdas ini bertekstur nipis dan lembut daun mudanya pula bewarna ungu.

Kerdas dijadikan sebagai ulam bagi menambah selera makan. Baunya agak kuat hingga melekat pada bau nafas selepas memakan ulam ini. Kerdas ini boleh bertahan lama jika disimpan bersama kulitnya. 

sumber : Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu


Buah perah ( Elateriospermum tapos ) merupakan sejenis buah yang berasal dari pokok perah yang tumbuh di dalam hutan hujan khatulistiwa di Malaysia ini. Buah ini akan gugur sendiri ke bumi apabila ianya sudah cukup tua atau matang.

Buah perah ini berbentuk lonjong dan berwarna hitam. Saiz buahnya agak kecil kira-kira (30mm hingga 40mm). Kulitnya keras, nipis dan licin manakala isinya pejal dan keras berwarna putih. Buah ini pada asalnya di dalam satu kepompong dan mengandungi 3 biji.

Buah perah yang sudah cukup tua atau matang akan gugur ke bumi, ianya akan meletup dan berderai di udara sebelum jatuh ke bumi. Faktor angin memainkan peranan yang cukup penting dalam proses pengguguran buah ini. Selain itu faktor haiwan seperti kera atau monyet juga boleh membantu proses pengguguran buah ini.

Kulitnya sangat keras dan untuk mendapatkan isinya ia perlu diketuk bagi memecahkan kulit tersebut. Isinya jika dimakan secara mentah (tanpa diproses atau dimasak) serta secara berlebihan boleh menyebabkan mabuk atau pening kepala. Isinya bewarna putih dan keras sama seperti buah badam dan ianya boleh dimakan tetapi perlu dimasak atau diproses dengan betul. 

Buah ini boleh juga di buat asam rong makanan tradisional masyarakat di negeri Pahang. Bagi sesetengah penduduk mereka membuat jeruk dengan menggunakan buah perah ini. Selain itu buah ini boleh juga dimasak atau digoreng untuk hidangan sebelah petang.

Bagi masyarakat dahulu mereka suka menjerukkan buah ini dan disimpan hingga berbulan-bulan lamanya tanpa perlu disimpan di dalam peti sejuk. Penyimpanan di dalam tempayan atau balang besar yang diisi dengan air dan sukatan garam yang betul boleh membuatkan buah ini tahan lebih lama. Buah perah juga boleh di jeruk dengan mencampurnya dengan isi petai yang membuatkan aromanya lebih sedap.

sumber : Wikipedia Bahasa Melayu