Jute is extracted from the bark of the white jute plant, Corchorus capsularis, and to lesser extent from tossa jute ( Corchorus olitorius ). It florishes in the tropical lowland areas with humidity of 60% to 90%.
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During the Industrial Revolution, jute yarn largely replaced flax and hemp fiber in sackcloth. Today, sacking still makes up the bulk of manufactured jute products.
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Jute yarn and twines are also woven into curtains, chair coverings, carpets, rugs and backing for linoleum. Blended with other fibers, it is used in cushion covers, toys, wall hangings, lamp shades and shoes. Very fine threads can be separated out and made into imitation silk.
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Jute is being used increasingly in rigid packaging and reinforced plastic and is replacing wood in pulp and paper.
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Geotextiles made from jute are biodegradable, flexible, absorb moisture and drain well. They are used to prevent soil erosion and landslides.
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